Structural, morphological and optoelectronic properties study of Nio, Cds, Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films for photovoltaic and nonlinear optics applications. Solar Cell modeling and optimization.

Abstract

In recent years there has been a well-documented increased attention for solar energy; alternatively, it is a known fact that the nonlinear optics is a highly powerful tool for examining the properties of the compounds. The reaping of the elaborated structures from some materials which are deposited in thin films technology is vastly advantageous in view of the fact that they can be employed in the integrated optical devices of solar cells. That is why, the development of this axis’ research is considered to be very promising and motivating be scientists. The present research has a couple major focal points one being the characterization of different semiconductors that are the Nickel Oxide (NiO), the Cadmium sulfide (CdS) and the quaternary compound copper-zinc-tin-sulfur (Cu2ZnSnS4) elaborated using the two procedures : spray pyrolysis and spin-coating technique. The crystalline quality, morphology and nonlinear optical properties of the deposited films by both methods have been investigated by the E-ray diffraction, scanning, electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy ant third harmonic generation techniques respectively, while the optical characteristics are obtained from the transmission spectra. The analysis’ results confirm the immense impact of the method change on the structural, morphological and nonlinear optics; conversely this great influence doesn’t reach the linear optical properties since they are only slightly affected. Secondly, we developed a mathematical model o solar cell structure with the intention of to increase the solar cells efficiency. For that, an optimization has been conducted; using genetic algorithms in order to uncover the optimum parameters that are capable of reducing the losses of the employed materials.